How Do You Know if You Are Fully Vaccinated Against Measles
Measles is a highly infectious viral illness that can lead to serious complications. Vaccination with the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine is the best way to protect against measles. Y'all need two doses to be fully immunised.
On this page, yous can find the following information:
- What is measles?
- Why is vaccination so important?
- What are the symptoms of measles?
- What are the complications of measles?
- Measles and pregnancy
- Who is at gamble of getting measles?
- Who is considered to be immune to measles?
- How is measles treated?
- How can I prevent the spread of measles?
| Measles is highly infectious — it spreads very easily from i person to some other |
| Measles is easily spread – just being in the same room as someone with measles can lead to infection if y'all are not immunised.
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What is measles?
Measles is a viral affliction that causes a skin rash and fever. The virus spreads easily through the air by sneezing or coughing. It can also be spread past contact with surfaces contaminated with an infected person'southward olfactory organ and throat secretions (snot and saliva).
I person with measles can pass on the disease to 13 other people who have not been immunised.
Why is vaccination so of import?
Vaccination is the best way to prevent measles
The combination measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine is highly effective at preventing measles.Just one dose of MMR gives you a 95% chance of being protected against measles, two doses increased this to 99%.No measles-only vaccine is bachelor in New Zealand.
- MMR vaccine is funded for all children from 12 months of historic period and adults, built-in on/afterwards ane January 1969, who take non completed a two-dose course of MMR vaccine.
- It is office of the childhood immunisation schedule for children at xv months and 4 years of age.
- Having only one dose of the MMR vaccine is not adequate protection confronting measles – you demand to accept two.
- If your child has been infected with measles, they can take the MMR vaccine in one case they feel well. They don't accept to await for a specific time before having it.
Herd immunity helps protect the vulnerable in our customs
Some people in our community can't exist vaccinated. This might be considering they are too young or too sick. You can help protect these vulnerable people by keeping your and your family's vaccinations upward to appointment. When enough people in the customs are vaccinated, the spread of a disease slows downward or stops completely. If enough people are vaccinated, the disease tin can't spread. This is called herd immunity.
Read more than about the MMR vaccine and reasons to vaccinate.
Where can I get vaccinated?
The best place to go for vaccinations is your family unit medical clinic. They accept your medical records and can bank check to see if y'all've already had the MMR vaccination. Either your doctor or a nurse tin give the vaccination.
What are the symptoms of measles?
It usually takes virtually x days from contact with someone with measles to getting the first symptom merely information technology tin take from vii to 18 days. The symptoms tend to announced in iii stages.
| Stages of the affliction | Description |
|---|---|
| Stage one | Prodromal stage.Usually lasts iii–4 days.
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| Phase ii | Blotchy red rash appears that lasts 4–5 days.
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| Stage 3 | Convalescent stage.
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What are the complications of measles?
Most people will recover from measles after 7–10 days, simply sometimes it can lead to serious complications, fifty-fifty death.
Common complications that affect almost i in every fifteen cases include:
- ear infections
- diarrhoea, which can besides pb to dehydration
- fits caused by fevers (delirious seizures)
- pneumonia – this is the main cause of deaths from measles.
Inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) occurs in near 1 in 1000 measles cases, with some of these people dying and 1 in iii being left with permanent brain damage. It is estimated that complications resulting from measles infection lead to death in approximately 1–2 per thou measles cases.
| Contact your doc or get urgent medical advice if the person with measles develops any worrying symptoms, such every bit: |
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Measles and pregnancy
Pregnant women who go ill with measles during pregnancy are at hazard of miscarriage, going into labour early (premature labour) and having babies with low birthweight. If yous are significant and retrieve you lot may have measles, or if yous have come into contact with someone with measles, call your doctor or lead maternity carer as before long equally possible. Pregnant women should not exist given the measles vaccine during pregnancy but close contacts of pregnant women can be vaccinated to help protect both the female parent and unborn infant from exposure.
Who is at risk of getting measles?
Anyone who hasn't been vaccinated for measles or who has not had measles previously is at risk of being infected. Those about at hazard of getting the infection include:
- babies who are likewise young to receive the MMR vaccine
- people travelling in countries/regions where there are current outbreaks of measles.
- people born overseas in countries where appropriate vaccination is less likely.
People who are at increased chance of potentially fatal measles complications include:
- anyone with a chronic illness or a weakened allowed system
- children younger than five years.
Who is considered to be immune to measles?
If you accept had two doses of the MMR vaccine, have had the measles previously or were born before 1969, you are considered to be immune to measles.
- Children anile 12 months or older are considered fully immunised confronting measles when they take two documented MMR vaccinations, received when aged 12 months or older.
- Adults born in 1969 or later are considered fully immunised against measles when they accept two documented MMR vaccinations, received when anile 12 months or older. Don't rely on memory – if you have no record of receiving both the MMR vaccines from 12 months of age and a minimum of 28 days later, it'south recommended you get catch-up MMR vaccinations.
- Adults built-in before 1969 are considered immune to measles as the illness mutual at that fourth dimension and circulating widely prior to the introduction of a measles vaccine in 1969.
How is measles treated?
There are no specific treatments for measles and symptoms commonly improve subsequently 7–10 days. There are things you tin exercise to ease your symptoms such every bit:
- using pain relief, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen, to reduce pain and discomfort
- drinking adequate water or other fluids to avoid dehydration.
- treating sore eyes by wiping the crustiness from the eyelids and lashes using cotton fiber wool and water (use a split piece of cotton fiber for each eye) and fugitive bright light.
How can I forestall the spread of measles?
If you have measles, it's of import to reduce the risk of spreading the infection to others. You should practice the following:
- Stay abode from work, school or daycare for 5 days afterward the rash appears.
- Do non invite other children or visitors to the business firm.
- Your public wellness service will tell you when your child tin return to school or childcare.
- Wash your hands regularly. Just as yous would to prevent germs at any time, use lather and water and scrub for at least 20 seconds then dry well. Remind others in your home to practise the aforementioned.
If you lot suspect you accept measles, telephone your GP or Healthline free on 0800 611 116 for advice. Because measles is so infectious (easily passed on to other people), ring first rather than just turning up at your physician's clinic.
If you come up into contact with someone who has measles AND y'all have never had measles or not been fully vaccinated for it:
- Yous should be in quarantine at habitation. This means you cannot attend early on babyhood centres, school, work, sporting events, social activities or shopping malls or employ public transport for that time.
- The quarantine period starts 7 days after your first contact with an infected person, lasting until xiv days after your last contact. Read more about measles information for contacts and measles quarantine calculator.
Overseas travel
- Vaccination is particularly important if you are planning to travel overseas equally there may be outbreaks in those countries.
- If you take been overseas, or had contact with an overseas visitor in the last 3 weeks and develop the symptoms described above, you could have measles.
Learn more
The following links provide more information on measles
Measles Ministry of Health, NZ
Quick guide to measles Auckland Regional Public Health Service
Information for people with suspected measlesAuckland Regional Public Health Service
Information for close contacts exposed to measles Auckland Regional Public Wellness Service
People at high take chances in a measles outbreakAuckland Regional Public Health Service
Measles The Immunisation Advisory Centre, NZ
Measles worldwide incidence Globe Wellness Organization
References
- Measles Immunisation Handbook 2020, NZ
- Measles – what to be enlightened of during an outbreak BPAC, NZ, 2014
- Measles DermNet, NZ
- Measles overseas and New Zealand The Immunisation Advisory Service, NZ
Frequently asked questions about measles
Why is measles a serious problem?
Measles can crusade serious complications in children and adults. These include ear infections, pneumonia and encephalitis (swelling of your brain) and death. Nearly ane in 10 people with measles volition need hospital treatment. Measles is highly contagious. One person with measles can pass on the disease to thirteen other people who accept not been vaccinated. An infected person can spread measles to others even before knowing they accept the disease.
What are the symptoms of measles?
Measles symptoms include a loftier fever, runny nose, coughing and sore cherry-red optics, followed by a rash starting behind your ears and spreading around your body a few days later. If you lot retrieve you have measles, it'due south important to call earlier visiting your md to avert spreading the virus in the waiting room. If you take hold of measles, y'all're infectious from 5 days before and until 5 days after the rash appears.
Paradigm credit: Information for close contacts exposed to measles ARPHS
How can I protect myself and my family against measles?
The best fashion to foreclose measles is to be vaccinated on time, with two gratuitous MMR vaccinations for all children at fifteen months and iv years, equally per the immunisation schedule.
Why practice I need two doses of the MMR vaccine?
To get the best protection from the MMR vaccine, its of import to have two doses of the MMR vaccine. One dose of vaccine is 95% effective against measles and two doses are 99% constructive. The reason for a 2d dose is to brand sure the 5% who need this 2d vaccine become immunity.
- If y'all are betwixt the ages of 15 and 29 years, you should check your immunisation records to brand sure you received 2 doses of the MMR vaccine equally a child.
- If you lot didn't receive 2 doses, or tin can't confirm whether y'all did or non, you should visit a clinic for a free measles vaccine. There are no undue furnishings from being vaccinated even if yous are immune.
Where tin I become vaccinated?
The all-time place to go for vaccination is your family medical dispensary. They have your medical records and can cheque to see if you've already had a detail vaccination. Either your doctor or a nurse can requite the vaccination.
How long does it take for the vaccination to work?
It tin can take around 2 weeks for a person to exist fully immune subsequently a vaccination.
How exercise I know if I take immunity?
You are deemed as having immunity if you lot:
- were born earlier 1 January 1969 (you are presumed to be immune following exposure to the wild virus)
- take documentation of immunity or previous infection
- have documentation of 2 doses of measles vaccine.
If in doubt, talk to your GP most getting vaccinated, as there are no undue effects from being vaccinated fifty-fifty if you are immune. Read more
Could I still get measles if I am fully vaccinated?
Very few people (about 3 out of 100), who get two doses of measles vaccine will withal get measles if exposed to the virus. Experts aren't sure why. Information technology could be that their allowed systems didn't respond too equally they should have to the vaccine.
But the adept news is that fully vaccinated people who get measles are much more likely to accept a milder illness. And fully vaccinated people are also less likely to spread the disease to other people, including people who can't become vaccinated considering they are as well young or take weakened immune systems.
I'grand pregnant. Can I become vaccinated against measles?
If yous were not immunised confronting measles before becoming pregnant, you lot should non receive the MMR vaccine during pregnancy. If you lot are of childbearing historic period you should avert pregnancy for 1 calendar month subsequently having a dose of the MMR vaccine. If you are breastfeeding (and non significant) you tin receive the MMR vaccine safely. If you were vaccinated against measles prior to becoming pregnant you lot are almost certainly protected. Read more than nearly measles and pregnancy.
I take been exposed to someone with measles. What should I practice?
If you suspect yous have measles, phone your GP or Healthline gratis on 0800 611 116 for advice. Because measles is so infectious (easily passed on to other people), phone first rather than simply turning up at your physician's clinic. Y'all should:
- stay at home equally before longas you discover whatsoever measles symptoms (influenza-similar symptoms)
- stay home from work, schoolhouse or daycare for five days later the rash appears
- not invite other children or visitors to the house
- wash your easily regularly – just as you would to prevent germs at whatsoever time, use soap and water and scrub for at to the lowest degree twenty seconds then dry out well and remind others in your domicile to do the aforementioned.
If you are pregnant
Significant women who get ill with measles during pregnancy are at risk of miscarriage, going into labour early on (premature labour) and having babies with low birthweight. If you are pregnant and think you may have measles, or if you have come into contact with someone with measles, telephone call your doctor or lead maternity carer as soon as possible. Pregnant women should not exist given the measles vaccine during pregnancy simply shut contacts of pregnant women tin can be vaccinated to assist protect both the mother and unborn babe from exposure.
References
- Measles – a quick guide Auckland Regional Public Health Service, NZ
- Measles Ministry of Health, NZ, 2019
- Questions nearly measles Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.s.a.
| Factsheets |
| Range of measles factsheets from Auckland Regional Public Wellness Service
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| Range of measles factsheets from NZ Ministry of Health:
For clinicians:
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| Immunise your children
Text merely version
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| Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine – what you demand to know Handout from Centre for Affliction Control U.s.a.
Note : This resource is from overseas so some details may exist dissimilar in New Zealand, eg, phone 111 for emergencies or, if it'south not an emergency, freephone Healthline 0800 611 116. |
Information for healthcare providers on measles
The content on this page will exist of near use to clinicians, such as nurses, doctors, pharmacists, specialists and other healthcare providers.
Measles clinical pathway for health professionalsAuckland Regional Public Health Service, NZ, 2021
Measles outbreak in Auckland Auckland Regional Public Health Service, NZ, 2019
Measles quarantine figurerAuckland Regional Public Health Service, NZ, 2019
Measles whanau pack for GPs and EDs Auckland Regional Public Health Service, NZ, 2019
Measles notification class Auckland Regional Public Health Service, NZ, 2019
Quick answers to frequent MMR questions The Immunisation Advisory Centre, NZ, 2019
Measles Immunisation Handbook, Ministry of Wellness, NZ, 2020
Standing professional person development
Podcast
Measles in New Zealand Goodfellow Podcast, 2019
Nikki Turner discusses the direction of measles in New Zealand. Nikki is an academic general practitioner and an acquaintance professor in the Section of General Practice and Primary Care, Academy of Auckland. She works part time as a GP in Wellington and is manager of the Immunisation Advisory Centre (IMAC).
Video
Ben Harris, a medical microbiology scientist talks near the following topics:
- Can you be fully vaccinated and all the same grab measles?
- When was measles vaccination introduced to NZ?
- Why do people born earlier this appointment in NZ not take to get vaccinated?\
- What are Koplik spots?
- What is the measles incubation time?
- When is someone with measles infectious?
(Mobile Wellness, NZ, 2019)
Measles update by Dr Nikki Turner
(The Immunisation Advisory Centre, NZ, 2019)
Regional HealthPathways NZ
Admission to the following regional pathways is localised for each region and access is limited to health providers.If yous do non know the login details, contact your DHB or PHO for more information:
- Northland
- Auckland Region
- Midland Region
- Hawke'due south Bay
- Whanganui & MidCentral
- Wairarapa, Hutt Valley, Uppercase and Declension (3D)
- Nelson-Marlborough
- West Coast
- Canterbury
- Aoraki (Southward Canterbury)
- Southern
How Do You Know if You Are Fully Vaccinated Against Measles
Source: https://www.healthnavigator.org.nz/health-a-z/m/measles/
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